The final Chapter

My revised views/ definition of photojournalism

         When I started off in this course, I had little no true understanding of what it mean't to be a photojournalist. Nor did I truly understand photojournalism and all the aspects it takes to being an ethical photojournalist and the power you have from capturing moments with a camera. I think we all in this era have grown up very comfortable with taking photos, being in photo's and sharing these photo on the internet and other social media platforms. The understanding before this class was that I shared photos to show others what I loved, what I was doing in my life, and to get feedback on how my photos looked. After learning more deeply about photojournalism I realized that my original drive to take photos was shallow for my own purpose and that photos can be extremely impacting. It's our job to not only capture images that spark change and awareness but as well to document the world around us so that future generations can have a better understanding of what our experiences were like good or bad. That being said I have learned how perspective, bias, and what emotions we capture can change the way an image is viewed by others. We must be ethical in taking photos that are nothing but the raw truth, un-staged, not overly edited, and with little bias so that people are deceived or persuaded by our own agendas. My whole understanding of photojournalism has changed throughout this course, I know look at newspaper articles, online articles, and news in general in a different light knowing that so much effort, time, and even peoples lives are sacrificed to give the ability to see what otherwise I wouldn't without their images.

Importance of the History of Photojournalism

         Knowing the history of photojournalism helped me have a greater appreciation for photojournalism in general. To understand the evolution of technology, the conditions in which people worked in, and the struggles people faced making photojournalism a career, and way to document history is empowering. We are a generation to views thousands of photos a week alone on Instagram and Facebook, yet without the evolution of the technology alone in photojournalism I don't believe that this would even be apart of our culture today. Understanding where photojournalism began makes you realize that all our history textbooks, all the things we learned growing up using visual aids, would not have been as exciting or maybe we wouldn't even have known as much because of the lack of images without photojournalism.

"AH-HA" moments

Peter Essick

        During our research in finding what motivates certain photojournalist I really had such an Ah-ha moments realizing that their are so many different aspects of life that we are all motivated by. Peter stuck out to me for I have a love of science and that's what career consist of at the moment as well as a love for nature. He made me realize that my love for the outdoors could go way beyond just taking a hike in my spare time, but capturing even more so the beauty of the outdoors for others to witness. I often take photos of my hikes or waterfalls I adventure to and before now I was very hesitant on sharing the photos, one being that my overall confidence in photography wasn't very high, as well as I was being a tad bit selfish. In the past I haven't wanted to post these photos because I fear people will go their and although I would hope most would respect the nature, I feel others may not and litter, or ruin the environment I cherish so deeply. Through Essick's work he shows what we as a society are doing, that is detrimental to society to bring awareness. I can use my photographs to do the same, I have since shared my photos of nature in hopes that more people will respect, and understand the need to take care of the planet. 

Photo by Peter Essick

Photo by Peter Essick

Hannah McKay

    Women in photography was another aspect that really made me open my eyes to the struggle women have had throughout the years to be taken seriously, and accepted into the working world. To think today where most households new two viable incomes to survive and to still hear and see women having to fight for their spot in what were "men professions" is still jaw dropping. You hear discrimination of females as doctors, lawyers, and business owners but photojournalism had not been something I had heard about until this class. Hannah stuck out to me as her devotion, and raw images that showed her lugging all her cameras, hair thrown up in a messy bun, and covered in mud. I can respect a women that isn't afraid to be their true self, to be photographed without makeup, dirty, doing the thing she loves. Her story empowered me as young women within society to do whatever I love with all I am, don't be frightened by lack of experience, lack of knowledge, but instead create learning experiences, gain the knowledge, and have fun while doing it. 

Photo's from The University for the Creative Arts

Photo's from The University for the Creative Arts

Photographs CHANGE the world

       For me I have always had a deep belief that photographs have and continue to change our world. Everyday, every second, especially today we are influenced by photography. They make us gasp in horror, or smile and feel connected to another in some way. Emotions are shared through photograph as well as perception. Photographs allow us to see what otherwise we wouldn't, allowing us to have a greater understanding of the world beyond our typically very small view. It's easy to be enveloped in the daily rhythm, and environment we encounter in our daily lives as most of us don't have occupations that allow us to travel the world and experience the difference among communities. Even so most don't even have the ability to experience the differences among state to state here in America. How does someone from Massachusetts understand the tragic loss of the wild fires in California? Through photojournalism we can be thankful to experience the highest highs, and the lowest lows of the other people in this world. 

Photo by Hannah McKay

This photo stuck out to me in my journey through this class because it documents the struggle, determination, and relentless drive many migrants have when trying to cross the border in order to make a better life for themselves and their families. This image to me documented a deep sense of how desperate these people are to come to America and it makes you realize the journey here is not easy. It made me extremely grateful to be born here, as well as deep sadness that others who aren't must go to great lengths to get to freedom.

Photo by Kevin Carter

Kevin Carters image above was one of the first images that truly made my ideals concrete around if photographs change the world. Photographs like these although hard to look at, are the ones that spark the most change within the world. They make people stop and realize that what they are experiencing is so much minor then others around the world. Photos like these show why we need to join together and make differences by providing food relief, education, healthcare, and so much more to all. No child should every have to experience such conditions, or even die in such circumstances while half way across the world their is a McDonalds on every corner throwing out food every thirty minutes.

Creative Experience

For my creative experience I have decided to share with you my portfolio on an app called Foap, which allows you to add your own images, title them, tag them with corresponding words or phrases to help people search, and sort them into albums. The site allows you to follow other photographers who photograph and array of things from photojournalist images, to landscapes, pets, food, and much more. The site has a feature so you can rate each others photo and give feedback on each others images. The site allows you to submit photos that people can potentially buy and use. They as well have a variety of contest that ask for images on certain topics and you can go out take photos and submit them in a chance to win money. 

This experience has made me enjoy further taking my photos because I now can share my images with people who enjoy taking similar photos as I do, as you can follow people who have similar interest or photography styles.

My Foap profile contains many different images some photojournalist and some more geared towards photography for my creative aspect for this project the most recent photos at the top of my profile are the ones I added from a recent ski trip I took after this first snow fall the past week.

Check out my portfolio on Foap! https://foap.com/users/shannon.hastings

Photo's by Google play store

Photo's by Shannon Hastings

Below are some other photos that didn't make it into my screen shot from my profile. The first is a group of skiers taking in the view before they make another ascent down the mountain. The second photo is of people shopping at a very busy local plaza getting in some Christmas shopping .

Photo by Shannon Hastings

On top of the world views

Photo by Shannon Hastings

Holiday Hustle and Bustle

           Getting to create my own photojournalist images made me realize how hard it is sometimes. People aren't always doing the things you want to capture, or they aren't doing it in a way you believe will create emotions when others view the image. This course has taught me much more about taking your time to view all the potentially visual aspects of a photograph. I find myself always now looking for the lines in photographs, I like they they can lead you throughout a photo just like in other photojournalist work, I have incorporated an image with lines. My second photo above shows the street lines both of the cross walk but of the yellow double lines leading you all the way to the people crossing the road and further into the background of the image. I also am more aware of light, lighting really makes a difference in the presentation and draw of a photo. In my first photo the lighting was spectacular allowing you to see every color variant and all the way out to the snow that covers the lake in the distance without washing any of the image out or being too bright. I feel like I have just a taste of what it's like to devote your life to capturing images to change the world.

Knowledge gained from classmates

  When taking the time to read and understand the different photojournalist my classmates choose to research and create profiles out a few in particular stood out. One of the first I really enjoyed was Liliya Stepanchuks blog post on Lynsey Addario. Within the blog Liliya emphasizes the ethical dilemmas of being a photojournalist and some of the experiences Addario had in her career. Liliya states that Addario spent much of her time photographing women in war zones. She then lead to talk about one time in particular "she was covering the topic of maternal death and she was video taping a women and noticed she was bleeding out but no one was helping her. She put down her camera, and ran to look for a doctor". This showed a part of photojournalism and the ethics that come with it you might otherwise not have thought of even know happens. Another instance was in Courtney Welsh's blog on James Nachtwey. Not only was I blown away and drawn in by her creativity to use Instagram, a modern outlet to share photography, but to incorporate and make her photojournalist a fake profile to share his work was genius. I thought this even more deeply creative after learning more in detail the era James started his career in the "80's to 90's, these two eras can be define as the clashing of traditionalism and modernism, foreign affairs, teen culture, protest, transition between analog and digital technology". She continued to portray this theme as Nachtwey did with his photography on war and as well through his images on the opioid crisis. Lastly another profile that I really enjoyed reading and learning more about was Ariyon Mickle's blog on Carol Guzy. I like the way she went into detail about the ways in which her chosen photojournalist takes photo's she states "Guzy chose to shoot a lot of her images in black and white because of the affect it had" "She believed it made the message behind the image more powerful" I like to hear and see the differences among photojournalist such as this. For some as Addario's or McKay's work her images are filled with color and to me still show deep meaning, and the colors draw me in. While artist like Nachtwey and Guzy chose to use black and white images because they believe it made them more dramatic and have deeper emotions. Each get their points across in their own unique way and that's the overall beauty of photojournalism. As long as your taking photos of truths, letting the true meaning of the image tell it's story, and be ethical while doing it photojournalism can let you be creative as your mind will allow.

Photo by Lynsey Addario

Photo by James Nachtwey

Photo by Carol Guzy

Photojournalistic Profile

Please take a look at my presentation below on Dorothea Lange! 

Chapter 9

What Motivates Me?

Below I have created a way of showing you what motivated me within my life. To view the descriptions of the photos in photo stacks be sure to click on the black box in the upper left hand corner. All photos were taken by me (Shannon Hastings), or of me with the help of my fiance Tyler.

What Motivates Photojournalist?

John Moore

Photo of John Moore provided by World Press

          John Moore is an American based photojournalist known for winning the World Press Photo of the Year as YouTube video World Press Photo Content 2019: John Moore on his winning World Press Photo of the Year. Moore talks about how he began photojournalism by taking a photojournalism class just as we are now. He said "he thought the class would be easy and fun" and it turned into a passion, and then a career. He believes in bringing the messages of the world to light all the while he tries "to be careful as possible to not further traumatize people and still be an effective storyteller" he explains in an interview with  Brian Bethune. He finds motivation in letting his photographer spark activism as he states "sometimes, as with the recent image of the child crying, the picture itself can lead to a certain level of activism. Yet that didn't come from the caption, but a picture an take on a life of its own.". Many of Moore's work are of international issues that he uses to create activism around the world exposing the raw truth. He has exposed the issues regarding immigration in both Mexico and Central America. Moore makes sure to emphasize that as a photojournalist "you cant always control the life cycle of photographs" but as a photojournalist you can "be honest with the picture and context used to put the picture into perspective".

Photo by John Moore

Peter Essick

Photo of Peter Essick provided by Lumiere Gallery

            Peter Essick is described by National Geographic as a freelance photojournalist who mainly produces stories about the environment. He began working for National Geographic as a summer intern while he studied photojournalism, he has since found a passion in photographing the environment around the world as he has been fortunate to travel all seven continents searching for compelling images to share with the rest of the world. Some of his most rewarding work as been on "Inner japan, the American wilderness, the carbon cycle, global warming, nuclear waste, and global freshwater". Peter has also released a book called "Our Beautiful, Fragile World" which is his perspective as a photographer over the last 25 years who has been extensively  involved in documenting the resilience of the nature world, as the increasing impact of human activity and expansion. Peter further talks about the motivation behind hes interest in environmental photography and activism as "his father was a science teacher and lover of outdoors", they together would spend a lot of their time outdoors and while outdoors his father took photos of their experiences. His father had then taught these skills to him but it wasn't until high school he fell in love with it. He also goes on to say his motivation comes from timeless images and work that is understated from other photographers. The image below is one that shows Essick's motivation to reveal the human impact of development as well as the enduring power of the land as he states in his about me on his website.

By Peter Essick

Hansel Mieth

Photo by Otto Hagel (Hansel's Husband)

      

            In Hansel's biography from The Library of Congress tells of the German born photojournalist that fell in love with photography and Otto Hagel and chased her dreams all the way to America. Mieth's photography was motivated by idea of fairness that she kept her eyes constantly looking to find the situations people often didn't want to address or believe and bring this injustices to the public's eye. She struggled throughout her career especially with her images and LIFE magazine who she often found was censoring her photos, or opting to pick photos that were less offensive, and even altered photo meanings with captions.  Hansel herself had not all seen the injustice and wasn't afraid to photograph the raw truth she also lived through it herself. When she first came to America she lost her two-year old child to a drunk driver in the migrant labor camp, and wasn't allowed to photograph the conditions of the farm they worked on. Even though when she was hired at the magazine they convinced her they wanted a photographer with different points of view "she battled to publish her stories of social injustice" throughout her career there.

Photo by Hansel Meith

Migrant Children Haul Water. 1932

        When looking at these three photojournalist they all have different styles, are from different eras, and most importantly are motivated by different things in their lives. For instance Hansel is motivated by migrant workers and exposing the terrible conditions. Peter looks at the photographing and bringing to surface the harsh truth of our existence effect on our environment. As for John he looks at photographing border issues in America as well as other countries and provides a transparent look into trials it takes for people to try and live a better life. All these photojournalist expose the harsh realities of the world and believe and bringing forward images that are raw, and show the truth, they all are motivated by the similar idea to let the photo's they take created the activism to make changes versus try to alter captions or images to create that feeling. All three photojournalist share similar motivations in life, I too am motivated by my family and friends, as Hansel was motivated by her husbands mutual love for photographer. I identify strongly as well with Peter who photographs nature and the effects of humans on the earth. I also identify with Xyza Crux Bacani from the article World Focus on domestic helper Xyza Cruz Bacani's photographs, and how her motivations have changed throughout her life. This to me is a key concept because this will happen we find deeper meaning different things as we go through life,  I love being out doors and find it motivating as it helps me clear my mind and ground me as well as take in its beauty to put into perspective that our planet needs us to be its advocate. 

Chapter 8

Photojournalism and Bias

By: Ed Clark

        In the image above by Ed Clark called Going Home I was at first drawn into the man playing the accordion you can tell he is upset but must keep playing through the emotions he is experiencing. After taking in the deep sorrow you feel coming from the man and the details on his accordion my eyes panned out to see the group of people behind him on all sides. All the people around are sad and don't look thrilled with whatever is going on.To me this image shows a deep mourning and loss for many people of all background and races as well as it shows them coming together to share this sad time together. After reading the article and understanding the context of the image it is a very emotional time for the whole nation not just the people depicted in the image and before even knowing that you can feel the sadness through this image. As stated in the article by Ben Cosgrove Mourning FDR: In a Classic Photo, the Face of the Nation's Loss, "It’s tricky, of course — even dangerous — to presume that one person’s emotions can be seen as emblematic of the feelings and thoughts of millions of other people" he is right to say this yet this image has become an image of mourning and sadness for such a difficult time in the U.S history where a president who fought for equality for African American's was killed before he could continue improving our nation.

Principle #1:  Subjects Expression- In the image above although they are not the only individual depicted they are the most upfront and direct within the photo. You can quickly start to feel and see how saddened he is by the glistening of tears that are rolling down his cheeks. His eyes seem just open enough to allowing the constant flow of tears out as he almost looks like he doesn't want to see what is going on.

Principle #2:  Quality of Light- With black and white images it can be difficult to clearly depict all aspects of the photo depending on the lighting. In this image everyone and everything is so beautifully contrasted and no light is to bright taking over an area of the photo or too dark for you to be able to make out the details. The quality of light allows contrast for instance with the man crying who is standing in front of the pillar the lighting allows for us to see every detail of the man in contrast with the very bright pillar behind him.

Principle #3: In and out of focus- The man is so in focus and although the people behind and to the side of him aren't completely blurry or unidentifiable they are not as in focus as he. This for me draws me first into him and to capture his emotions more deeply and as you begin to search the rest of the image you can tell that everyone else also is saddened by the event but he by far is the most effected in this image. 

Photo by: David Rose

Principle #1:  Background compliments- Not typically do I feel myself drawn into a photo with a dark background like such. But the way the grey almost blackish sky in some areas help bring emotion to how dark and terrifying it is to revolt. The way the background helps illuminate the malatov cocktail brings further emotion to the passion and fire that burns within these people to fight for change.

Principle #2:  Texture- Something that immediately drew me into this photo was all the different textures of the clothing and apparatuses that have be make-shifted into war gear. Although hey aren't all distinguished from each other by varying colors, you can see the different types of fabrics, plastics and woods being used to protect the civilians as they fight.

Principle #3:  Rule of Thirds- The photographer David Rose used the angle of the image to create a very distinct layering, from the top to the middle of the image its mostly grayish-black sky with the exception of the flaming malatov cocktail. From the middle down to the bottom is almost a perfect lines across the image of men similarly bunched in size and shape all fighting together. It creates for a separation of each part of the image and to appreciate each part in there own way and how they work together to express the emotions within the image.

Why did I choose the image?: The image above my David Rose shows the raw reality, and bravery it takes to revolt in order to cause change within society. This image was taken by Ross in Ukraine as citizens revolt to create change within their country. I know this as a truth that revolt is common, that it is everyone on every end of the world from the richest countries to the poorest. It serves to remind us that we must fight for what we believe in and when we don't think it's attainable, think again. In the article What are the four ways of knowing by Oliver Kim, they talk about just how we decide and or know what information we read, are told, or see is the truth or false. For me this image is so raw in the aspect of you can tell they are civilians by there clothes and make shift supplies to keep them safe. Within the article The Rules of Photojournalism Are Keeping Us From the Truth by Donald Weber he states that "the most in-demand news photo is that of happenstance — typically dodged, burned, cropped, dramatized and with “extraneous” details within the frame excised" I do agree within a range that yes these images are in demand that they are powerful and that's why they want these shots but sometimes without altering the story I believe you can alter an image, cut things out that aren't necessary to get the same message across and draw people in.  In the article You don't see anyone's face full on but by the way they are bunched and so close protecting each other you know by the emotion it gives you they are fighting passionately for what they believe to be true as Kim states "the sense perception, gives you the ability to perceive tings for yourself". With that also being said not all revolts or acts like these are for good change or cause, we like to think most the time they are but there are instances where people do acts like this out of violence and radicalism then for good change for a majority of the society. This image reminded me of the topic of Yellow Journalism because it is known for "its bold use of headlines, illustrations and bold design elements, and they were more inclined to campaign against powerful interest on behalf of "the people" as stated in the article Yellow Journalism: Puncturing the Myths, Defining the Legacies by W. Joseph Campbell. Although it doesn't contain a bold title or exaggerated as the typical idea of Yellow Journalism to me it shows how media has changed and is more bold today and able to report and take photos of the daunting aspects of the world like the war against governments/ legal leaders and the civilians of these places. 

Chapter 7

The Ethics of Photojournalism

 Throughout the photojournalism society there is a code of ethics that is typically followed with acquiring  images in order to keep the emotions and story's they are sharing with the world as true, unbiased, as possible in order for people to create there own opinions and create knowledge of the events happening around the world. This code of ethics can be found on The National Press Photographers Associations page which goes into detail about the general and more specific rules that should be followed when taken photo-journalistic photographs. Although many of these rules seem straightforward they often more complicated than they seem when you are put in certain circumstances as a photojournalist as seen in many instances throughout time. 
   One in particular that stands out to me since the beginning of this course and in my lifetime is the photos that are taken and depicted of starving children across the globe. For many of us who have a TV in your house you have probably seen at some point the commercials of the skin and bone children flashed across your screen with a number to donate money to help feed them for a few cents of days. These images were captured by photojournalist, now if they aren't allowed by the Code of Ethics standards to give money to people they photograph to keep the integrity and rawness of the images unaltered by monetary earning how does that make you feel? For me it makes it seem almost wrong, that we have these photojournalist going into these areas capturing these poor children, so famished you can see every bone, and we aren't immediately helping them with a few dollars that would likely feed them for a few days. Instead they must take these images, develop them, sell them to publishers in order for organizations to use them to get the story out about these situations in order to receive money to help them. In reality they are still helping but it seems like such a long time especially maybe in times when images weren't taken and uploaded, transferred, or developed in lightning speeds they are in today.

By Kevin Carter

   Above is just one of the many photos that depicts the severity and sadness that comes with poverty stricken third world countries. Keven Carter a late photojournalist took this picture in Sudan as he wanted to show the world the harsh reality of the famine that was going on. This image brought a lot of controversy to the table as it was questioned how ethically is it to take a photo of a child in such deplorable conditions, being eye by a vulture as its prey. In the article The Ethics of Photojournalism by Sebastian they cover the many ethical issues within photojournalism especially this piece of Kevin Carter. Within the article Sebastian gives us a take on how he views the ethics around images such as this one as well as others that create similar uproars within the community. He expands on the dilemma in these images on one hand we cannot expect one photojournalist to bring aid and help all the suffering children in Sudan in this instance but on the other hand we should be reminded that these images serve as the proof and push for political change so that this doesn't continue to happen. Sebastian brings up a valid point is also saying if we censored images like these, didn't take them, or acted like they didn't exist then there would never be change, "censoring every image of human suffering wouldn't suddenly mean the world is a better place", and this is the truth. There are many terrible and great things happening around the world all the time, we may not always be in that area to hear about it in real time, or converse with people who experienced a certain situation but we rely on photojournalist to be our eyes and sometimes ears in these situations. They must capturing the heartbreaking, heartwarming, and emotionally aspects of events in order for the world to understanding what's going on.

     We may not always see and hear the results of the images that are taken and shared by photojournalist but within Sebastian article he also identifies a photojournalist Steve Curry who has taken some of the best photojournalist images as well as been criticized for his unethical use of Photoshop to some of his images. The image below was taken and used to start an organization for Afghan Children and has raised more than 1 Million dollars in order to help aid this population. The image can be justified in that it not only brought the story of these children to the world it also sparked change, that has no benefited these children to this day. This at the end of the day is what it is all about, reaching out to the world, inspiring, teaching, and helping one another make the world a better place.

By Steve Curry

    I have created a simple graphic of what ethics means to me. I used the word ethics as my base and began to use it to think of what ethics I follow on a daily basis. As a profession who works in the medical field ethics is huge, every specimen I receive, every result I report out or doctor I talked to must be with the the values I have listed below. Aside from my profession use of my code of ethics I truly live these within my personal and daily life. They may seem typically values a person would claim to follow but they are the very basis of what I believe it is to be compassionate, understanding, and productive member in society. Although many of our values are easily said they are not easily done, we are not perfect but we must strive to be better each day, for us, for our family, friends, and for the future of our society.

Photo by Shannon Hastings

Chapter Six

Women Photojournalist

Photo from The University for the Creative Arts 

A photo of Hannah McKay during her time in

the Bangladesh refugee camps.

Year Created: 2017

Principle #1: Depth- I like the way the dirty road just seems to go on forever behind her. It draws your eyes back the water on each side only highlights this forever path that then eventually seems to meet some green grasses that also follow its path and continue back. 

Principle #2: Feelings the Image created- The image empowered me, this women is in the middle of a country where there are refugee camps and people are crossing the water drowning to make it away from war. The rawness of the photographers who go to great lengths to get the other shots we see on the news and computer screens when we open them is depicted right here. She is dirty, and lugging equipment, using anything she can that's convenient to get a good shot and smiling through it.

Principle #3: Rule of Thirds- Each section of this photo is filled with interesting aspects to drag the viewer in. The bottom half shows what many wouldn't see is the photographer on a stool in order to get the right shot as well as other needed people and equipment used in her time in Bangladesh. The middle of the photo shows Hannah enjoying her journey in a another country and the raw aspects of what it takes to get the shots that are worth more than a thousand words. Lastly the Top of the photo shows a beautiful sky that also has a gleaming piece of rainbow that made me smile.

Why did I choose the image?: I choose this image because its not the typically biography photo someone would choose. I shows Hannah McKay in raw form in her career, it also shows to me how much she enjoys it as I feel like she is portraying her happiness outward in this moment. Even when the sky above her seems cloudy and dim she brings light to the photo with her presence.

    Hannah Mckay is a young female photographer, she may only be 30 years old but she has already proven herself in the photojournalist community. Hannah has only be heavily into photojournalism for six years starting her journey young at the age of 24, and has already won a  Pulizter Prize for her work in Bangladesh. She begins to talk about short yet interesting experience within the field in the article What is it like to be a young, female photojournalist in a male dominated-industry by Marcela Kunova. She recaps how it was daunting at first to enter a industry dominated by men being a female photojournalist but another challenge arose for McKay, there was also the gender gap. She believes its good to have people of all ages in the photojournalist community because just like a male and female are able to capture different shots and perspectives of a situation, she said the same can be said for between people in varying age groups. Her career has just started in photojournalism but she has been able to be apart of many projects such as the Bangladesh trip that captured the lives of the people in refugee camps there. She learned a lot about photojournalism through each experience so far and has learned the most from the moments she thought she wasn't going to be able to handle the overwhelming things she was seeing. Hannah also states that overall she hasn't had a problem within the industry with the men she works with but has had times where she shows up to a job and the "people don't take her serious because they were expecting a middle-aged white man".

      Although many female photojournalist have experienced discrimination in the field, McKay states that she "doesn't see an issue at all being apart of a male-dominated industry and that she is respected by her male colleagues and she respects them as well". This is refreshing to hear that in 2018 a young, motivated, female entering a male dominated-industry can feel comfortable, safe, and accepted into the profession she loves. When looking back in history to other women who entered photojournalism we known that this is was and still not is the case in all situations. We see many examples of this brought forward by Professor Nordell in his YouTube video called Women Photojournalist. One incident in particular stands out to me when he begins to talk about Marion Post Wolcott, who had to deal with the men in her profession harass her by "urinating in her chemicals, spitting spitballs at her, and putting out cigarettes in her developing trays". Wolcott experienced this in a time when very few females took jobs where women were stereotypical suppose to work. This may have been a factor in the era of why she was treated the way she was which still makes it unacceptable but it still is occurring in modern times. 

      Lauren Wolfe documents in her article The Q&A: NYT's Lynsey Addario on Libya Sexual assault. This information was just from 2011 which documented the horrific details of Addario's experience when she traveled abroad as a photojournalist in Libya. She may have no been assaulted by people she was directly working with to take the photo's but was assaulted by government workers in that country who had detained her. She speaks on how they would grope her body at every check point and often had to cry and plead she for them to stop before another guard would step in and tell the other to stop. There are bad people everywhere in the world but compared to her male colleagues they were beaten and in one instance a gun put to his rear, she was constantly touched and felt over he clothes inappropriately as well as being hit and abused. If being a women comes with it own hurdles in any industry where we stereotypical don't fit then hats off to all the African-American women who not only had to deal with discrimination based on their skin color but as well as their gender. For instance from the course content we see the Facebook post from Sophia Nahli Allision that was put on the National Press Photographer Association page stating how "the industry lacks diversity and the support to be made for the talented and badass woc photojournalist to share their stories and work". It's nice to see other women taking a stand, giving suggestions, and overall continue to change the world we live in to be more inclusive of all. It shows that the obstacles the women before us faced were not just for themselves but to pave paths for the women of the future and for us to do the same for the generations to come.

        This discrimination doesn't just happen within the photojournalist community but can be seen at every corner of the workforce. Women are have been payed less, and been overlooked for jobs for many years and even today we still see slight instances where this is happening. In the article A Look at Gender Discrimination Against Women by Lahle Wolfe it covers women from elementary school and beyond and discrimination that's seen throughout our lives. Something that stuck out to me that girls are discriminated in school by the subjects that are more closely taught to each gender as well as the encouragement for boys to play sports versus girls. They also cover how when females are encouraged to go to college they are often pushed into "stereotypical female dominated industries such as teaching, nursing, retail, office administration, and care-giving". This resonated with me because when I was looking at careers in High School my family pushed me to be a nurse, even though I had my heart set on working in a laboratory. Long story short I went to school for nursing for a semester before deciding to chase my dreams and not theirs and work in a Laboratory today where the shift from all men has dramatically been scene and on every shift besides night shift is female dominated.

Photo By: Hannah McKay

    This photo McKay took while in Mexico, she was there to document the migrants who come from all over to try and make there way to America for a better future.

Year Created: 2018

Principle #1: Use Lines- The way the poles that construct this fence are so perfectly spaced apart to show the equal amount of blue sky in between

Principle #2: Texture- The sky is so perfectly gradient levels of soft dark and light blues with not a contrast of the clouds, airplanes, or wildlife. As well as the poles have rust that contrasts against the blue sky and shows how long and weathered it is. The mans clothes have signs of being worn as well as his heals are cracked and beaten from his journey to get here to attempt a chance at a better life.

Principle #3: Obvious main subject- although we can't see his face we don't need to see feel how tired yet motivated he is to do whatever it takes to try and get over the fence and into America because clearly anything besides what is behind him is worth risking his life for.

Why did I choose the image?: This image to me is very powerful it not only shows the legit obstacle that migrants face to try to get into this country as well as the reality that some people are so desperate for a better life they will do anything even climb a wall. The image shows the worn fence/ wall that has been put up to keep out unwanted people as well as the detail of the migrants clothes are warn and dirty and you can tell they are just as exhausted as the man who is in them. It also gives me a sense that from the other side of the fence the sky looks so blue on our side, so taunting that freedom, safety, and the American dream are so close yet so far away for these migrants it truly breaks my heart.

Photo by Marion Post Wolcott

Year Created: 1939

Principle #1: Subjects Expression- There are four subjects in this image and all subjects have a different look from happy, to distracted. I like that it captures four peoples expressions very well and you can see everyone's unique personality.

Principle #2: Contrast Appropriate- The black and white along with the textures in the photo show great contrast the wood wall behind them shows texture and contrast to the dark wooden benches they are sitting on and the dark glossy table that is below there arms. I like as well that the contrast between there outfits and there skin are enough that you can see the details even down to the contrast of the very white cigarette compared to the females skin, as well as to the dark table that is just below.

Principle #3: Quality of light- For a black and white image the quality of light can been seen and you can even see the shadow that cast on the right side of the photograph. The quality of light allows for the details in the textures of the surroundings to be clear as well as the detail of the peoples faces and clothes

Why did I choose the image?: I chose this image because Marion Post Wolcott's story really intrigued me, she went through so much and didn't back down to stay in a field that so desperately wanted to run her out of. He images are not only detailed, and full of light for black and white shot by they capture people in such a beautiful way.

History of Photojournalism

I have created a timeline on important events throughout the History of Photojournalism. I hope you enjoy the points and pictures I have brought forward.